Category Archives: Commerce Clause

Federal Court Declares the Corporate Transparency Act Unconstitutional

by Gina Parlovecchio, Brad Resnikoff, Matthew Bisanz, and Daisy Gray

From left to right: Gina Parlovecchio, Brad Resnikoff, Matthew Bisanz, and Daisy Gray (Photos courtesy of Mayer Brown LLP).

On March 1, 2024, the US District Court for the Northern District of Alabama declared the Corporate Transparency Act (“CTA”) unconstitutional, and suspended its enforcement against the plaintiffs in that case. While most companies remain subject to its requirements for now, this decision may presage more broadly applicable relief through subsequent judicial or administrative action.

The CTA requires many entities conducting business in the United States to disclose beneficial ownership information to the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (“FinCEN”), a law enforcement arm of the US Department of Treasury. The court, in enjoining the CTA’s enforcement against the plaintiffs, found that the CTA exceeds constitutional limits on Congress’s power. In the wake of the decision, FinCEN announced that it intends to respect the court’s decision and will not enforce the CTA beneficial ownership requirements against the plaintiffs, but its silence as to other parties implies that everyone else must continue to comply.

In this Legal Update, we discuss the case, National Small Business Association, et al. v. Yellen, FinCEN’s response, and our predictions for what will come next.

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Supreme Court Rejects Challenge to California Law Alleged to Burden Out-of-State Industry

by John F. Savarese, Kevin S. Schwartz, Noah B. Yavitz, Adam L. Goodman, and Jacob Miller

Photos of the authors

From left to right: John F. Savarese, Kevin S. Schwartz, Noah B. Yavitz, Adam L. Goodman, and Jacob Miller (Photos courtesy of Wachtell, Lipton, Rosen & Katz)

Recently, a divided Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of a California law banning the in-state sale of meat from pigs confined under specified “cruel” conditions. Petitioners — two industry organizations — had alleged the law violates the Commerce Clause by imposing substantial costs on out-of-state producers and impermissibly regulating the national pork market. This challenge marked an effort by the industry to expand the so-called “dormant” Commerce Clause, which polices states’ ability to enact regulations with interstate impact when Congress has chosen not to act in the field sought to be regulated by a state. That effort failed. In National Pork Producers Council v. Ross, all nine Justices rejected petitioners’ argument that there exists an “almost per se” rule forbidding enforcement of state laws that have the practical effect of imposing prescriptions on commerce outside the state.

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